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Theoretical and Scientific Foundations of Nursing Research: The importance of human subject protection
Ethics is an important aspect of research that serves to ensure studies are conducted in a responsible and accountable manner. Research ethics consists of a set of scientific norms that dictate the protection of subjects and communities during studies (Resnik, 2020). Ethical research serves to guide a responsible and organized study that takes into consideration institutional guidelines. During this course., I have learned that ethics involves principles and values that must be observed when conducting research. These principles include autonomy, informed consent, justice, confidentiality, honesty, and integrity among many others.
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There are various reasons why it is important to adhere to ethics during research. First, ethical norms help to promote the aims of the research. They ensure that research is conducted truthfully with avoidance of errors that can impact population health outcomes (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2018). Second, research involves many healthcare teams working together to achieve set goals. Ethics helps to ensure research values like mutual respect, accountability, and trust are practiced to promote collaborative practice (Armond et al., 2021). During research, accountability is an important principle that ensures resources are well-utilized. Ethics serves to keep researchers accountable to public funds and other important resources they are bound to use. For example, ethics ensure proper animal care and the protection of human subjects during research. Lastly, ethics in research promotes moral and social values like human rights, compliance with the law, and social responsibility.
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Theoretical and Scientific Foundations of Nursing Research
Human subjects protection involves a set of guidelines that ensure safety and adherence to human rights during research. These guidelines are provided by regulatory bodies like the Human Research Protections Program (HRPP) while other institutions serve to ensure the guidelines are followed (White, 2020). For example, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) are constituted under the Human Research Protection Office to ensure all research on human subjects is legally conducted. Human subjects protection serves to ensure all research participants give consent and the nature of the research serves to improve population health outcomes (White, 2020). Secondly, human subjects protection is important because it ensures that conducted research has more benefits to patients than harm. These include the physical, psychological, and economic impact that arises from the research (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2018). Overall, human subjects protection serves to ensure research is conducted ethically and the rights of participants are protected.
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Bioethics refers to the principles that guide health care delivery and research. These principles include autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence (Armond et al., 2021). To apply these principles, the researcher must ensure that patients give consent and that the benefits and risks involved are clear. The research ought to ensure that safety is maintained during research by using appropriate methods and procedures. A few protocols that may help to ensure bioethical principles are maintained include the review of ethical principles, understanding human rights, and consulting with review boards (Armond et al., 2021). For example, the research should consult with the IRB when human subjects are involved and carefully review other legal requirements. Lastly, the research should weigh the potential benefits of the proposed research to ensure minimal risk will be involved.
References
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2018). Protection of Human Subjects in Research. https://www.ahrq.gov/funding/process/grant-app-basics/hsubjects.html
Armond, A. C. V., Gordijn, B., Lewis, J., Hosseini, M., Bodnár, J. K., Holm, S., & Kakuk, P. (2021). A scoping review of the literature featuring research ethics and research integrity cases. BMC Medical Ethics, 22(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00620-8
Resnik, D. B. (2020). What is ethics in research & why is it important. https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/whatis/index.cfm
White M. G. (2020). Why Human Subjects Research Protection Is Important. The Ochsner Journal, 20(1), 16–33. https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.20.5012
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